Saudi Arabia’s National Centre of Meteorology (NCM) has issued a warning about extreme heat conditions expected during the 2025 Hajj season, urging pilgrims to take necessary precautions amid daytime temperatures forecast to soar between 40°C and 47°C.
The NCM’s weather outlook highlights not only intense heat but also the possibility of thunderstorms and reduced visibility due to dust. Humidity levels are predicted to range from 15 to 60 percent, which may increase the discomfort for those performing the pilgrimage.
According to the NCM, winds blowing from the north to northwest at speeds of 25 to 35 km/h could stir up dust, significantly lowering visibility in open spaces and on highways leading to the holy sites. Thunderstorms are also anticipated over the Taif highlands from the 8th to the 13th of Dhu Al Hijjah, potentially extending to Mecca and its environs, with strong downdrafts worsening dusty conditions.
In light of these conditions, Saudi authorities have implemented a range of measures to protect pilgrims. The NCM has advised pilgrims to stay hydrated, use sun protection such as umbrellas, and regularly check official weather updates.
To help pilgrims cope with the desert heat, over 880 air conditioning units, 244 mist fans, and more than 3,100 ventilation fans have been installed across the holy sites. Furthermore, 432 fragrance diffusers will release soothing scents to create a peaceful atmosphere during the rituals.
A recently opened cooled pedestrian walkway in Makkah is part of the “Cooled Roads Initiative,” designed to lower surface temperatures and improve comfort for the millions attending Hajj during this hot season. Mobility support has also been enhanced with 400 electric carts to assist elderly and physically challenged pilgrims.
On the health front, the Saudi Ministry of Health has reported five cases of heat exhaustion among the over one million pilgrims who have arrived. All patients have been treated and are in stable condition. Medical teams remain vigilant to quickly address any similar cases.
The ministry warned that symptoms such as headache, heavy sweating, nausea, dizziness, and intense thirst could signal heat exhaustion. If untreated, this condition may progress to heat stroke—a potentially fatal emergency within 10 to 15 minutes.
To further reduce heat-related risks, the Ministry of Health, in collaboration with the Royal Commission for Makkah City and Holy Sites, has rolled out additional initiatives. These include planting over 10,000 trees, adding 400 more water coolers and misting fans, and expanding shaded walkways to shield pilgrims from the extreme sun.
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